Miscarriage: Signs, Causes, and When to Seek Care

A miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the uterus. It is common, especially during early pregnancy, and can be physically and emotionally difficult.

What Is a Miscarriage?

Most miscarriages occur during the first trimester. Common symptoms include vaginal bleeding, abdominal cramping, lower back pain, passing tissue or clots, and a sudden change in pregnancy symptoms. However, these symptoms can have other causes, so they do not always confirm a miscarriage.

What Causes a Miscarriage?

Many miscarriages occur because of chromosomal abnormalities that prevent normal embryo development. Other factors may include certain health conditions, infections, hormonal problems, uterine abnormalities, and age. In many cases, miscarriage is not caused by anything the pregnant person did.

When Should You Seek Care?

Contact a healthcare professional for unexpected bleeding, persistent pain, or other concerning symptoms. Seek urgent medical attention for heavy bleeding, severe abdominal or pelvic pain, fainting, dizziness, fever, shoulder pain, or rapidly worsening symptoms, as these may indicate an emergency such as ectopic pregnancy.

How Is It Diagnosed?

A healthcare professional may use medical history, an ultrasound, and blood tests to determine whether a miscarriage has occurred. More than one assessment may sometimes be needed.

Medical Abortion and Pregnancy Termination

Medical abortion is different from miscarriage. It is a planned method of pregnancy termination using medication. People considering early pregnancy termination can discuss abortion care with qualified healthcare professionals. Telehealth consultations may be available in some locations. Pill Access provides information about abortion care, eligibility, and early pregnancy termination options.

Treatment and Recovery

Some miscarriages complete naturally, while others may require medication or a medical procedure. Follow-up care may be recommended. Emotional recovery can also take time, and support from healthcare professionals, family, or counselors can be helpful.

Final Thoughts

Miscarriage can be difficult, but timely medical evaluation can help identify the cause and appropriate care. If you experience concerning pregnancy symptoms, contact a healthcare professional. Seek emergency care for severe or rapidly worsening symptoms.